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WHAT IS THE IMPACT OF SEISMIC VULNERABILITY AMBATO?

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Citizen Observatory of the Public Works
From: John Stone (sr.x5826 @ hotmail.com)
Sent: Wednesday, March 17
20:58:56 2010 To: mach1959@hotmail.com

Gentlemen
Citizen Observatory Public Works.

Ambato.

Excellent idea, I hope they work and serve the interests of the Canton Ambato.

My concern responds to problems that cross Haiti, Chile and other countries the world, the effects of earthquakes. That one panelist of you tell me if this happens in Ambato after the 1949 earthquake ... the city has some signage that alerts us what is the evacuation route so we can save our lives, if prevention campaigns and a map of the seismic vulnerability of Ambato, with critical levels of damage and probability of collapse of different structural types?

Greetings
JUAN ANDRES
1803666112 Card


GUEST EXPERT
Miguel Ángel Palma

Doctor in Natural Science in Geological Sciences

Expert Senior Petroleum Geology
Risk Management Master (disaster)
Professor Universidad Nacional de La Plata (Arg)
Professor Universidad Nacional de San Luis (Argentina) Author
thematic maps and the inventory of geological hazards, tasks, digital load field data sheets, digital construction of geological maps, topographic and structural profiles, stratigraphic column, determination of landforms , neotectonic analysis, photo interpretation on satellite images and aerial photographs.


BACKGROUND AND COMMENTARY: In the beginning of this century, our planet is facing one of the biggest challenges in scientific, environmental, and economic development in the history of mankind, a logical consequence of the conflict which has broken out between expansion of human and nature.


Climate change has increased the risks and disasters in the territories. In the past 40 years the number of disasters has tripled and economic losses multiplied by eleven. For this century we have the tsunami disaster in India and the islands of Sumatra, by earthquakes in Haiti, Chile, Turkey, floods in the winter in Portugal, the storms in France with strong winds, the effects of tornadoes in the Caribbean and numerous other high impact events that have ravaged the planet's surface.

The effects of climate change has accelerated geological processes, that is the kinematics of the crust, which has entered a time of kinetic energy, heralding the beginning of a diastrophic cycle, which is nothing more nothing less than changing the earth's surface by tectonic events. We are at the door of a great cataclysm, and do not want to go through apocalyptic the facts are demonstrating and not created a new level of consciousness to bring the tools and solutions to address them.

A landscape transformation which leads to a profound crisis for humans. Large movements of persons provided for 2050 by FAO, has already begun, the struggle for food provided for the immediate future and also began to appear. We have wasted at the International Meeting on Climate Change held in December 2009, the last opportunity to address a new paradigm of development ... and there are no major global challenges. Only remains to be seen giving in to the human race to worship of omnipotence.

If we change scale and stayed in our province, we see that last year marked another anniversary of the evacuation of the city of Bath by the volcanic threat (the inhabitants resisted), it never happened anything!

During the past 10 years of volcanic activity occurred in 4 deaths Pallictahua negligent, and 2 deaths in Bascun broken by a dam upstream reported by the lookout, but was not intervened in time by the authorities. Recently, we had the tragedy of the Chin-Chin Manto de la Novia (disaster waiting to authorities), where 4 people were killed 5 minutes. If we compare the flood of Chin-Chin with the effects of the volcano in time, we note that the real risks lie elsewhere and not where nothing happens.

If we make a slight analysis of Ambato, in the first place shows that we are living in a critical area for the high level of seismic risk. Secondly we have the Montalvo Park (recently renovated) and illuminated with pictures of hundreds of queens, is a mass grave where the bodies are buried thousands of people who sought refuge in the Cathedral during the earthquake of 1949. Y Finally, I am pleased to report that nothing has already been stated that seismic event in this county have a recurrence every 50-60 years, suggesting that we are in 100% chance that at any moment another redo This cyclicity of nature.

To answer your question, nothing we have heard on this issue by the competent bodies, any signage alert us about what is the evacuation route so we can save our lives, no campaign Prevention is heard by the media to know how to deal with the emergency, there is no known vulnerability map seismic Ambato, with critical levels of damage and the likelihood of collapse of different structural types. Except for the constant meetings conducted by the COE - to address the threat Tungurahua volcano.

And speaking of threats affecting the Canton Ambato, we give a brief overview and inventory of them, for the community to fulfill its role.

EARTHQUAKES:

According

Ecuadorian Construction Code of 2000, the classification is level IV (high risk).

1687, 1698 of Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale X.

1786, 1797 of intensity XI.

1949, intensity X.

SLIDES:

Ambato, has less than 10 since 1900. Large surface areas and slopes greater than 30% are located, but the threat level is relatively high.

GEOLOGICAL FAULT:

National Polytechnic School of Ecuador indicates that there three important active faults: Poal Saquisilí, La Moya and Cutuchi, but do not know where they cross in the city.

VOLCANISM:

Like other counties in the province, there is involvement by the activity of the volcano Tungurahua, which has had over 15 eruptions since the sixteenth century to date and is located 39 kilometers southeast of the city of Ambato in a straight line to 15 miles. In rural areas work in agriculture are affected due to damage to crops and pastures and the consequent economic losses. According to the GI of the National Polytechnic School, the province lost as a result of the eruption of Tungurahua October 1999, agriculture 17 million in tourism dollars and 12 million.

FLOODS:

The canton has a low threat. There have been fewer than 20 between 1988 and 1998 and there is significant potential flood areas. But if you look at the Ambato river bed will notice that a central electric drive is in the area of \u200b\u200bgreatest risk, the lower terrace of the river, giving it increased vulnerability to energy, especially if disaster strikes.

BUILDINGS

There are a vast majority of buildings erected without the minimum safety measures, which is more serious when one considers that inappropriate land use in many sectors Ambato facilitates the occurrence of landslides and collapses, such as all households in Miraflores Alto built on the side of the river terrace.

RISKS FROM DEFORESTATION

forest natural capital completely reduced (the factory of oxygen). La vegetación ayuda disminuir la erosión, estabilizar las laderas, regular los caudales de agua, purificar el aire, etcétera.

CONTAMINACIÓN DEL RÍO AMBATO

Se han medido niveles de cromo de aguas residuales, detectando 43.94 miligramos al día. En las riveras del río existen más de 50 industrias textiles, de cuero, metalúrgicas, curtiembres y bloqueras. El camal municipal sacrifica una 160 ejemplares diarios de ganado bovino, porcino y ovino que arroja al río (proliferación de moscas y vectores potenciales de enfermedades infectocontagiosas).

Under these conditions the threat to health from pollution of the Rio Ambato is great and the fact that many people who live or work in the banks and the banks without taking any precautions, makes the area very vulnerable.

LATACUNGA CANAL - SALCEDO - AMBATO

18 years ago how this channel waters to 8,400 hectares. The institutions involved in environmental control report that their water is a breeding ground for disease to some 15,000 users.

The canal is fed by the river and Pumacunchi Cutuchi. Receives the waste discharge conduit of Latacunga Hospital. In Ambato Canton, receives waste from tannery industries, metallurgy, dairy, etc. Throughout the tour receives sewage, pesticides, etc..

The Provincial Health Directorate Tunguarahua indicates that indiscriminate use of canal water is the cause 80% of eruptive diseases, intestinal, cholera, intestinal parasites and probably cancer.

In short, we only need to imagine the risk scenario to an earthquake ... that the impact is as mild as possible. We must stop looking up, to reassure the volcano ... today the threat from below.

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